From Chihuahuas to Great Danes, dogs of all sizes get ear infections. Your dog’s L-shaped ear canal has a visible vertical tube angling into a hidden horizontal one. That bend in the road allows bacteria to hide out and cause problems.

Cleaning your dog’s ears is an important part of keeping him or her healthy. First, soak a cotton ball or gauze square with an ear cleanser for dogs. Lift your dog’s ear flap and place the cotton just inside the visible canal. Using your other hand, massage the area where the ear meets the head. As you hear wet sounds, deep debris should be moving toward the surface. Finally, gently wipe out the vertical canal with the cotton ball or gauze.

As you clean, be alert for redness, increased debris or new odors. Note if your dog winces or cries. These are all signs that a veterinary exam is in order.